PHYS/ASTR 1060: THE UNIVERSE
Section 1: MWF 11:50 - 12:40 in JFB 103
Prep for first midterm
and first midterm with solutions: PDF
Prep for second midterm
and second midterm with solutions: PDF
Prep for third midterm
and third midterm with solutions: PDF
Prep for fourth midterm
and fourth midterm with solutions: PDF
rules for all midterms.
Welcome to The Universe. This is a comprehensive, one-semester course
reviewing the modern scientific view of the universe we live in.
Some pointers about my course:
It is a science based course (physics and astronomy) - no astrology or
reference to it.
And even though scientists must now which object they are talking about and
how to find it with a telescope, we will NOT learn how to identify
constellations or how to locate specific stars or galaxies in the night
sky. What we will learn about what stars and galaxies are, and what role
they play in the universe. We will learn how ordinary or extraordinary our
planet, our sun, and our galaxy are in this universe. Most importantly I will
try to make clear how we know the things I will tell you about, which means I
will try to make clear how science works and how it helps us
understand the many beautiful vistas earth and space based telescopes let us
see. This is a great time to be a scientist: With great success we use the
knowledge harvested at particle accelerators here on earth to understand the
far reaches of the heavens. And with great humbleness we recognize the
limitations of the knowledge we acquired. It is a journey, and as a scientist
I am still travelling on that long and winding road towards new vistas and
hopefully new understanding. The course is about giving you insight into what
my colleagues and I have learned, how we learned it, and where it puts you and
me when we take it serious. Do not worry: I will
not require calculus or even algebra from you - exponents and angles are the
most ferocious mathematical monsters I will expect you to tame. Those we will
need though to keep track of numbers big and small. Science is quantitative,
and I would be cheating you if I would not justify my reasoning with verifiable
numbers. That I call them verifiable is the key to science; it means they are
also falsifiable, and the promise is that scientists will not use numbers that
were falsified. One experiment is enough to destroy a theory, no number of
experiments is sufficient to elevate a theory to dogma. That is the promise
of science, and we will talk about it in the course.
Please consult the syllabus below for specifics of what I hope to bring to you
throughout the semester.
The Textbook for this course is the Sixth Edition of:
Astronomy Today
by Chaisson and McMillan, published by Addison-Wesley. This is a one volume
book. The book will serve you as an excellent reference; the measure of what
was covered in the course is my lecture though, not the book. I strongly
encourage you to attend the lectures. Midterm and homework questions will be
based on the lecture materials.
One great service the department provides not only for you, the student in
my course or our program, but also for your family, your friends and
colleagues, in fact for every person interested are the Star Parties.
If the weather is amenable they are held on Wednesday nights starting about
45 minutes after sunset, on top of the South Physics building. See
this
link for directions. If you attend one of these department sponsored star
parties and write a suitable essay about the star party you attended and at
least one of the objects you saw through our telescopes that night, you can
make up for one
homework assignment that way. Please be aware though that star parties are not
held if viewing conditions are not good enough; so please do not plan on making
up in the last week of the semester... And let me clarify again: Only one such
substitution is allowed per student in my course.
Homework Postings:
The first homework
was due on January 17, 2008: solution.
The second homework
was due on January 24, 2008: solution.
The third homework
was due on January 31, 2008: solution.
The fourth homework
was due on February 14, 2008: solution.
The fifth homework
was due on February 21, 2008: solution.
The sixth homework
was due on March 6, 2008: solution.
The seventh homework
was due on March 13, 2008: solution.
The eighth homework
was due on March 27, 2008: solution.
The ninth homework
was due on April 10, 2008: solution.
The tenth and last homework
was due on April 17, 2008: solution.
The Syllabus:
- Organization: The ins and outs of how to succeed in this course
- Part I: History and Physics Foundation
- Introduction:
How big is the universe, or how to digest big numbers
- Living in a sphere: The unfamiliar world of angular measures
- Seasons and constellations: Astronomy explains
- Eclipses and the phases of the moon
- History: Geocentric models of the universe
- Heliocentric models and the dawn of modern science
- Kepler, Galileo, Newton
- Gravity, mass, and orbits
- Light, colors, and the electromagnetic spectrum
- Speed of light and Doppler effect
- Stefan's law and the color of stars
- Quantum nature of light and atoms: Spectroscopy
- What can we learn from starlight
- Optical telescopes and resolution
- Instruments for wavelength beyond the visible
- Part II: The objects of astronomical observation
- A short survey of the solar system: THE planetary system?
- Extrasolar planets
- Structure of the sun and solar energy
- Solar activity and solar cycle
- Stars and their stability
- Stable stars and the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram
- Star formation and extreme stars
- The death of stars and stellar remnants
- Binary systems
- The Milky Way Galaxy
- Normal galaxies and galaxy clusters
- Hubble's law and distance
- Active galaxies
- Galaxy formation and evolution
- Galaxy rotation and dark matter
- Part III: Cosmology
- The Cosmological Principle
- The age of the universe
- The Big Bang
- The geometry of the universe
- The Cosmic Microwave Background
- Composition of the universe: Dark energy, dark matter, and a little matter...
- Formation and large scale structure
- Cosmic inflation
Your Grades
Your grades will be calculated from your midterm and homework scores; there
will be no final exam.
Midterms:
Four midterms are scheduled, all on Mondays:
February 4, February 25, March 31, and April 21
Your lowest midterm score will be dropped, and the remaining three midterm
scores will each count 20 percent towards your final grade.
The midterms are held in class; same time and room as the lecture.
Homework
Homework will be posted on this web page on Fridays (except before a midterm)
and is due by Midnight of the following Thursday. Each homework assignment
will contain five questions; for full credit it will be sufficient to answer
four of them correctly. Solutions to the old homework will be posted on
Fridays with the posting of the new homework. Your solutions to the homework
have to be submitted as the simple ASCII main body of an e-mail to the
following e-mail address:
kai-1060-hw@physics.utah.edu
Appendices to your e-mail will not be opened!!! If your e-mail arrives before
the due deadline, it will be graded and you will get the graded homework back
via reply to your original e-mail.
The homework due dates are Midnight (MST,MDT respectively) of the following
Thursdays:
January 17, January 24, January 31, February 14, February 21, March 6,
March 13, March 27, April 10, and April 17.
Each homework assignment will count 4 percent towards your final grade.
One (not two or more) homework assignment can be substituted by a visit to a
Star Party. As star parties depend on the weather, do not
count on visiting one during the last (two) week(s) of classes - you could get
lucky, but then again... Star Parties are fun, and you get to look through real
telescopes at real objects in the sky - that's why they only take place when
the weather is reasonable. To make up for the homework assignment you will
have to identify yourself to the person who runs the star party, so that
he or she can report that back to me. You will also have to write a short one
page essay about your star party experience that night and submit it to the
homework e-mail address. Any submissions after Midnight MDT, Wednesday April
23, 2008, will not be accepted any more.
My office hours:
Mondays: 3pm - 4pm
Wednesdays: 10am - 11am
Thursdays: 2:30pm - 3:30pm
Here PDF files for my lecture presentations:
January 7, 2008
January 9, 2008
January 11, 2008
January 14, 2008
January 16, 2008
January 18, 2008
January 23, 2008
January 25, 2008
January 28, 2008
January 30, 2008
February 1, 2008
February 6, 2008
February 8, 2008
February 11, 2008
February 13, 2008
February 15, 2008
February 20, 2008
February 22, 2008
February 27, 2008
February 29, 2008
March 3, 2008
March 5, 2008
March 7, 2008
March 10, 2008
March 12, 2008
March 14, 2008
March 24, 2008
March 26, 2008
March 28, 2008
April 2, 2008
April 4, 2008
April 7, 2008
April 9, 2008
April 11, 2008
April 14, 2008
April 16, 2008
April 18, 2008
April 23, 2008
Related Links:
For section 2 (M,W 6pm - 7:15pm) by Anthony Pantziris please see
this web page.
Kai Martens'
web page
and e-mail.
Please use the course number 1060 to start your subject line when you
send e-mail to me.
Last modified: Wed Apr 23 14:14:18 MDT 2008